Mix design procedure for shotcrete

Abstract

This article deals with different aspects related to the mix design of shotcrete. First, a review of the existing mix proportioning methods for shotcrete is presented. In general, these methods are highly empirical and there is not an internationally established method. Then a mix design procedure for dry and wet-mix shotcrete is proposed and its theoretical basis is developed. The procedure takes into account the influences of rebound, application technique and the characteristics of the support. Finally, for a better understanding of the procedure, it is illustrated with a practical application.